Building information modeling is often associated with building design in 3D, but that is only a small part of what BIM represents. The true value of BIM comes from combining detailed information with virtual geometric models of buildings. This concept goes beyond the three spatial dimensions, and it can include information like project scheduling, cost estimates, actual costs, energy performance, building operation parameters, and maintenance data.
BIM originally evolved as a design tool, but it can be used to manage many aspects of construction and building operations. BIM also has applications in business management, given how accurately it describes projects. For example, developers can use advanced building models as part of the documentation when applying for a loan. A digital twin can also be used to market a building among potential buyers and tenants, even before starting construction.
Geometric models in 3D are the logical evolution of conventional 2D drawings, and BIM adds many layers of information that enrich the model. However, the advantages of BIM are not only technical:
BIM is not only useful for design and construction management. Since 3D models are easier to understand than 2D drawings, they can be used for all types of meetings - presenting projects to investors, negotiating loans, discussing contracts with law firms, etc.
BIM also includes detailed information that can be accessed directly from models. This is much easier than matching components in 2D drawings with their respective specifications:
In existing facilities, BIM is useful to analyze and discuss the implications of building upgrades and renovations. On the other hand, when a building is poorly documented, architects and engineers must set aside enough time for a detailed inspection. There may be unpleasant surprises and change orders even when working with professionals since buildings have many hidden components.
When BIM is combined with virtual reality (VR) or augmented reality (AR), a building that does not exist yet can be visited. This also applies to renovations, where BIM can be used to model an existing building after the modifications. For example, when negotiating with potential investors, a virtual tour of the finished project gives a better impression than sitting down to discuss plans and specifications.
BIM modeling is very useful whenever you need to present a convincing project to external parties. The following are just some examples:
Engineering departments within companies can also use BIM to discuss projects with internal clients. For example, engineers can present many equipment options or layouts that meet the same requirement. The advantages and limitations of each option can be easily discussed with other departments and the upper management, before spending capital.
In general, BIM demonstrates that the construction professionals in a project are technically capable. This provides confidence in the project, which is beneficial for financing, sales, and leasing. BIM also makes communication simpler - 2D plans and specifications can be misinterpreted more easily, causing confusion and mistakes, but a virtual building model is clear.